Science: Every four years at its international congress, the International Mathematical Union awards its prestigious Fields Medal to up to four mathematicians under the age of 40. The medalists for 2010 have just been announced. They are Elon Lindenstrauss of Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ngô Bào Châu of Université Paris-Sud in France, Stanislav Smirnov of the University of Geneva in Switzerland, and Cedric Villani of the Henri Poincaré Institute in Paris. The work of all four has deep connections to theoretical physics. Lindenstrauss, Smirnov, and Villani made advances in various aspects of statistical physics. Ngô advanced an area on number theory, the Langlands program, that makes far-reaching connections to group theory and on to particle theory.