Wired: This invention was also the most seditious, blasphemous instrument of all time, shaking the very foundations of society.The answer, if you haven’t already guessed it, is the telescope. It’s hard to believe that this instrument, often sold as a cheesy toy in gift shops, is perhaps the single most important scientific instrument of all time.Now that the telescope is celebrating its 400th anniversary, it’s a good time to take stock of this marvelous invention.