Physics Today: NSF, the National Institutes of Health, and the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy will lead a new initiative to determine how America’s investment in science raises employment, improves health, and increases knowledge. The initiative is called STAR METRICS, which stands for Science and Technology in America’s Reinvestment: Measuring the Effect of Research on Innovation, Competitiveness, and Science. To assess the investments, STAR METRICS will gather and analyze data from research institutions and funding agencies. Patents, business startups, and other kinds of data will be used to assess the payoffs.