Discover
/
Article

Superstrings

NOV 01, 1987
Considering the elementary building blocks of nature to be strings rather than point particles allows one to construct consistent quantum theories that unify gravity with the other known forces.
John H. Schwarz

During the past three years many theoretical physicists have dedicated themselves to working on superstring theory. With varying degrees of conviction we believe that we have at hand for the first time many of the essential ingredients for an almost unique quantum theory that gives a unified description of all elementary particles and the forces between them. We also believe that this theory is free from the inconsistencies that have thwarted all previous attempts to construct a “unified field theory” that describes gravity together with the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces. In short, as some popular media like to put it, we may finally have “the theory of everything.”

This article is only available in PDF format

References

  1. 1. J. H. Schwarz, ed., Superstrings—The First 15 Years of Superstring Theory, World Scientific, Singapore (1985).
    M. B. Green, J. H. Schwarz, E. Witten, Superstring Theory, Cambridge U.P., Cambridge, England (1987).

  2. 2. P. Ramond, Phys. Rev. D 3, 2415 (1971). https://doi.org/PRVDAQ
    A. Neveu, J. H. Schwarz, Nucl. Phys. B 31, 86 (1971).https://doi.org/NUPBBO

  3. 3. J. Scherk, J. H. Schwarz, Nucl. Phys. B 81, 118 (1974).https://doi.org/NUPBBO

  4. 4. F. Gliozzi, J. Scherk, D. Olive, Nucl. Phys. B 122, 253 (1977).https://doi.org/NUPBBO

  5. 5. M. B. Green, J. H. Schwarz, Phys. Lett. B 109, 444 (1982); https://doi.org/PYLBAJ
    M. B. Green, J. H. Schwarz, Phys. Lett. B 122, 143 (1983); https://doi.org/PYLBAJ
    M. B. Green, J. H. Schwarz, Phys. Lett. B 136, 367 (1984); https://doi.org/PYLBAJ
    M. B. Green, J. H. Schwarz, Phys. Lett. B 149, 117 (1984); https://doi.org/PYLBAJ
    M. B. Green, J. H. Schwarz, Phys. Lett. B 151, 21 (1985).https://doi.org/PYLBAJ

  6. 6. D. J. Gross, J. A. Harvey, E. Martinec, R. Rohm, Nucl. Phys. B 256, 253 (1985); https://doi.org/NUPBBO
    D. J. Gross, J. A. Harvey, E. Martinec, R. Rohm, Nucl. Phys. B 267, 75 (1986).https://doi.org/NUPBBO

  7. 7. P. Candelas, G. Horowitz, A. Strominger, E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B 258, 46 (1985). https://doi.org/NUPBBO
    E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B 258, 75 (1985).https://doi.org/NUPBBO

  8. 8. D. Friedan, E. Martinec, S. Shenker, Nucl. Phys. B 271, 93 (1986).https://doi.org/NUPBBO

  9. 9. E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B 268, 253 (1986); https://doi.org/NUPBBO
    E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B 276, 291 (1986).https://doi.org/NUPBBO

  10. 10. Less technical treatments can be found in M. B. Green, Sci. Am., September 1986, p. 48;
    G. Taubes, Discover, November 1986, p. 34;
    M. Kaku, J. Trainer, Beyond Einstein, Bantam, New York (1987).

More about the authors

John H. Schwarz, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California.

Related content
/
Article
A half century after the discovery of Hawking radiation, we are still dealing with the quantum puzzle it exposed.
/
Article
Since the discovery was first reported in 1999, researchers have uncovered many aspects of the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
/
Article
Metrologists are using fundamental physics to define units of measure. Now NIST has developed new quantum sensors to measure and realize the pascal.
/
Article
Nanoscale, topologically protected whirlpools of spins have the potential to move from applications in spintronics into quantum science.
This Content Appeared In
pt-cover_1987_11.jpeg

Volume 40, Number 11

Get PT newsletters in your inbox

pt_newsletter_card_blue.png
PT The Week in Physics

A collection of PT's content from the previous week delivered every Monday.

pt_newsletter_card_darkblue.png
PT New Issue Alert

Be notified about the new issue with links to highlights and the full TOC.

pt_newsletter_card_pink.png
PT Webinars & White Papers

The latest webinars, white papers and other informational resources.

By signing up you agree to allow AIP to send you email newsletters. You further agree to our privacy policy and terms of service.