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Physicists in Politics

MAR 01, 1999
Through their public opposition to the nuclear arms race and human rights violations, US physicists have played a pivotal role in setting the national and international political agenda.
Kurt Gottfried

With the creation of the atomic bomb, physicists acquired a sudden and unprecedented entry into global politics. That the relationship between physicists and politicians would be a difficult one was apparent long before Hiroshima, when Niels Bohr sought to convey his prescient insights about the bomb’s political implications to Winston Churchill, and was harshly rebuffed

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References

  1. 1. M. Bundy, Danger and Survival: Choices about the Bomb in the First Fifty Years, Random House, New York (1988).

  2. 2. R. Rhodes, The Making of the Atomic Bomb, Simon & Shuster, New York (1988).

  3. 3. A. K. Smith, A Peril and a Hope—The Scientists’ Movement in America: 1945–47, U. Chicago P., Chicago (1965). The Franck Report was reprinted as an appendix.

  4. 4. Smith, p. 434.

  5. 5. Bundy, pp. 305–18.

  6. 6. R. L. Garwin, H. A. Bethe, Sci. Am. March 1968, p. 21.

  7. 7. H. W. Kendall, A Distant Light, AIP Press (Springer‐Verlag), New York (in press).

  8. 8. Y Orlov, Dangerous Thoughts: Memoirs of a Russian Life, William Morrow, New York (1991).

  9. 9. R. L. Garwin, Technology in Society 2, 115 (1980).

  10. 10. R. L. Garwin, K. Gottfried, D. L. Hafner, Sci. Am., June 1984, p. 45.

  11. 11. H. A. Bethe, R. L. Garwin, K. Gottfried, H. W. Kendall, Sci. Am., April 1984, p. 39;
    New York Review of Books, 26 April 1984, p. 47.
    Union of Concerned Scientists, The Fallacy of Star Wars, J. Tinman, ed. (a set of studies cochaired by R. L. Garwin, K. Gottfried, H. W. Kendall), Vintage Books, New York (1984);
    Empty Promise: The Growing Case Against Star Wars, J. Tirman, ed., Beacon Press, Boston (1986).

  12. 12. A. B. Carter, Directed Energy Missile Defense in Space, Congress of the US, Office of Technology Assessment, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1984).

  13. 13. APS Study Group, Rev. Mod. Phys. 59, July 1987, part II.https://doi.org/RMPHAT

  14. 14. F. von Hippel, Citizen Scientist, AIP Press, New York (1991), pp. 86–98.

  15. 15. F. von Hippel, R. Z. Sagdeev, eds., Reversing the Arms Race, Gordon & Breach, New York (1990).

  16. 16. S. D. Drell, Rev. Mod. Phys. 71, S460 (1999).https://doi.org/RMPHAT

More about the authors

Kurt Gottfried, Cornell University.

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Volume 52, Number 3

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