/
Article

Medical Cyclotrons

OCT 01, 1993
In 1932 Ernest Lawrence and Stanley Livingston envisaged a device for basic research on the atomic nucleus; today modern versions of their device provide healing radiations at many medical centers.
Henry G. Blosser

Each day in Detroit and Seattle and a score of other cities around the world, dozens of cancer patients report for neutron treatments of tumors resistant to conventional photon‐based radiation therapy. Few, if any, of these patients know that the healing radiations are being produced by a cyclotron operating in accord with basic principles first promulgated some 60 years ago in a journal, the Physical Review, which they also know nothing of. And Ernest Lawrence and Stanley Livingston, as they wrote their pioneering 1932 paper, spoke of the relevance and need for such a device in the study of the atomic nucleus, but at least in their earliest papers, no thought of a future benefit in the treatment of cancer is considered.

This article is only available in PDF format

References

  1. 1. E. O. Lawrence, M. S. Livingston, Phys. Rev. 40, 19 (1932).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  2. 2. H. A. Bethe, M. Rose, Phys. Rev. 52, 1254 (1937).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  3. 3. L. H. Thomas, Phys. Rev. 54, 580 (1938).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  4. 4. E. L. Kelly, R. V. Pyle, R. L. Thornton, J. R. Richardson, B. T. Wright, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 27, 493 (1956).https://doi.org/RSINAK

  5. 5. E. O. Lawrence, Radiology 29, 313 (1937).https://doi.org/RADLAX

  6. 6. Popular Mechanics, September 1941, p. 8.

  7. 7. E. M. McMillan, Phys. Rev. 68, 143 (1945).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  8. 8. J. R. Richardson, K. R. MacKenzie, E. J. Lofgren, B. T. Wright, Phys. Rev. 69, 669 (1946).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  9. 9. R. R. Wilson, Radiology 47, 487 (1946).https://doi.org/RADLAX

  10. 10. Particles (Harvard Cyclotron Lab. newsletter), January 1993.

  11. 11. H. G. Blosser, R. E. Worsham, C. D. Goodman, R. S. Livingston, J. E. Mann, H. M. Moseley, G. T. Trammel, T. A. Welton, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 29, 819 (1958).https://doi.org/RSINAK

  12. 12. K. R. Symon, D. W. Kerst, L. W. Jones, L. J. Laslett, K. M. Terwilliger, Phys. Rev. 103, 1837 (1956).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  13. 13. “Sector‐Focused Cyclotrons,” Nucl. Sci. Ser. Rep. 26, pub. 656, Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, D.C. (1959).

  14. 14. J. E. Kunzler, E. Buehler, F. S. L. Hsu, J. H. Wernick, Phys. Rev. Lett. 6, 89 (1961).https://doi.org/PRLTAO

  15. 15. J. Purcell, “The Superconducting Magnet System for the 12‐Foot Bubble Chamber,” report ANL/HEP 6813, Argonne Natl. Lab., Argonne, Ill. (1968).

  16. 16. C. B. Bigham, H. R. Schneider, US Patent 3 925 676 (1975).

More about the authors

Henry G. Blosser, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University.

Related content
/
Article
Since 2008, more than 100 colleges and universities in the US have stopped offering an undergraduate physics major. What happened?
/
Article
The thermodynamic and quantum mechanical properties of topological insulators provide a path toward scalable energy storage in information-based batteries.
/
Article
At the end of the turbulent 1960s, the postwar funding boom in US physics came to a crashing halt. The lessons learned then may be helpful to today’s physicists.
/
Article
Interviews with 22 successful early-career physical scientists and engineers reveal that networking has been one of the most critical ways to nurture their careers.
This Content Appeared In
pt-cover_1993_10.jpeg

Volume 46, Number 10

Get PT newsletters in your inbox

pt_newsletter_card_blue.png
PT The Week in Physics

A collection of PT's content from the previous week delivered every Monday.

pt_newsletter_card_darkblue.png
PT New Issue Alert

Be notified about the new issue with links to highlights and the full TOC.

pt_newsletter_card_pink.png
PT Webinars & White Papers

The latest webinars, white papers and other informational resources.

By signing up you agree to allow AIP to send you email newsletters. You further agree to our privacy policy and terms of service.