Discover
/
Article

Macroscopic quantum phenomena from pairing in superconductors

JUL 01, 1973
“…the development of the theory of superconductivity was truly a collaborative effort, involving not only John Bardeen, Leon Cooper and myself, but also a host of outstanding scientists working over a period of half a century.”

DOI: 10.1063/1.3128138

J. Robert Schrieffer

It gives me great pleasure to have the opportunity to join my colleagues John Bardeen and Leon Cooper in discussing with you the theory of superconductivity. Since the discovery of superconductivity by H. Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911, an enormous effort has been devoted by a spectrum of outstanding scientists to understanding this phenomenon. As in most developments in our branch of science, the accomplishments honored by this Nobel prize were made possible by a large number of developments preceding them. A general understanding of these developments is important as a backdrop for our own contribution.

This article is only available in PDF format

References

  1. 1. H. Kamerlingh Onnes, Nobel Lectures, Volume I, pages 306–336.

  2. 2. W. Meissner, R. Ochsenfeld, Naturwiss. 21, 787 (1933).https://doi.org/NATWAY

  3. 3. C. J. Gorter, H. B. G. Casimir, Phys. Z. 35, 963 (1934); https://doi.org/PHZTAO
    C. J. Gorter, H. B. G. Casimir, Z. Techn. Phys. 15, 539 (1934).

  4. 4. F. London, [a] Phys. Rev. 24, 562 (1948); https://doi.org/PHRVAO
    [b] Superfluids, Volume I, Wiley, New York, (1950).

  5. 5. V. L. Ginzburg, L. D. Landau, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. (USSR) 20, 1064 (1950).

  6. 6. E. Maxwell, Phys. Rev. 78, 477 (1950); https://doi.org/PHRVAO
    C. A. Reynolds, B. Serin, W. H. Wright, L. B. Nesbitt, Phys. Rev. 78, 487 (1950).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  7. 7. H. Frohlich, Phys. Rev. 79, 845 (1950).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  8. 8. J. Bardeen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 23, 261 (1951).https://doi.org/RMPHAT

  9. 9. A. B. Pippard, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A216, 547 (1953).https://doi.org/PRLAAZ

  10. 10. J. Bardeen, [a] Phys. Rev. 97, 1724 (1955); https://doi.org/PHRVAO
    [b] Encyclopedia of Physics, Volume 15, Springer‐Verlag, Berlin (1956), page 274.

  11. 11. L. D. Landau, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. (USSR) 30 (3), 1058 (920) (1956);
    L. D. Landau, 32 (5), 59 (101) (1957).

  12. 12. L. N. Cooper, Phys. Rev. 104, 1189 (1956).https://doi.org/PHRVAO

  13. 13. B. S. Deaver, Jr, W. M. Fairbank, Phys. Rev. Lett. 7, 43 (1961).https://doi.org/PRLTAO

  14. 14. R. Doll, M. Näbauer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 7, 51 (1961).https://doi.org/PRLTAO

  15. 15. N. Beyers, C. N. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 7, 46 (1961).https://doi.org/PRLTAO

  16. 16. V. L. Ginzburg, Usp. Fiz. Nauk 48, 25 (1952); https://doi.org/UFNAAG
    V. L. Ginzburg, transl. Fortsch. d. Phys. 1, 101 (1953).

  17. 17. M. R. Schafroth, Phys. Rev. 96, 1442 (1954); https://doi.org/PHRVAO
    M. R. Schafroth, 100, 463 (1955).https://doi.org/PHRVAO , Phys. Rev.

  18. 18. M. R. Schafroth, J. M. Blatt, S. T. Butler, Helv. Phys. Acta 30, 93 (1957).https://doi.org/HPACAK

  19. 19. I. Giaever, Phys. Rev. Lett. 5, 147 (1960).https://doi.org/PRLTAO

  20. 20. B. D. Josephson, Phys. Lett. 1, 251 (1962); https://doi.org/PHLTAM
    B. D. Josephson, Advan. Phys. 14, 419 (1965).https://doi.org/ADPHAH

  21. 21. P. W. Anderson, in Lectures on the Many‐Body Problem, E. R. Caianiello, ed., Academic, New York (1964), Volume II.

  22. 22. See Superconductivity, R. D. Parks, ed., Dekker, New York (1969).

  23. 23. See, for example, W. H. Parker, B. N. Taylor, D. N. Langenberg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 18, 287 (1967); https://doi.org/PRLTAO
    T. F. Finnegan, A. Denenstein, D. N. Langenberg, Phys. Rev. B4, 1487 (1971).https://doi.org/PLRBAQ

More about the Authors

J. Robert Schrieffer. Mary Amanda Wood Professor of Physics, University of Pennsylvania.

In These Collections
Related content
/
Article
Although motivated by the fundamental exploration of the weirdness of the quantum world, the prizewinning experiments have led to a promising branch of quantum computing technology.
/
Article
As conventional lithium-ion battery technology approaches its theoretical limits, researchers are studying alternative architectures with solid electrolytes.
/
Article
Bottom-up self-assembly is a powerful approach to engineering at small scales. Special strategies are needed to formulate components that assemble into predetermined shapes with precise sizes.
/
Article
The polymath scientist leaves behind a monumental legacy in both the scientific and political realms.
This Content Appeared In
pt-cover_1973_07.jpeg

Volume 26, Number 7

Get PT in your inbox

Physics Today - The Week in Physics

The Week in Physics" is likely a reference to the regular updates or summaries of new physics research, such as those found in publications like Physics Today from AIP Publishing or on news aggregators like Phys.org.

Physics Today - Table of Contents
Physics Today - Whitepapers & Webinars
By signing up you agree to allow AIP to send you email newsletters. You further agree to our privacy policy and terms of service.