New York Times: In 1950 Alabama, a small cotton producing town called Huntsville lost a bid for a military aviation project that would have revived its fortune. The consolation prize was dubious: 118 German rocket scientists who had surrendered to the Americans during World War II, led by a man âmdash; a crackpot, evidently âmdash; who claimed humans could visit the moon.Ultimately those German immigrants made history, launching the first American satellite, Explorer I, into orbit in January 1958 and putting astronauts on the moon in 1969.Far less attention, though, has been given to the space program’s permanent transformation of Huntsville, now a city of 170,000 with one of the country’s highest concentrations of scientists and engineers.
The finding that the Saturnian moon may host layers of icy slush instead of a global ocean could change how planetary scientists think about other icy moons as well.
Modeling the shapes of tree branches, neurons, and blood vessels is a thorny problem, but researchers have just discovered that much of the math has already been done.
January 29, 2026 12:52 PM
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