Nature: Rare earthsâmdash;17 chemically similar elements most often used in high-tech electronicsâmdash;are notoriously difficult to obtain in a useable form, and it is estimated that China produces about 98% of the global supply. In response to China’s recent limits on rare-earth exports, Japan and Vietnam have formed a partnership to develop technologies to increase the efficiency of extracting and processing the materials. Japan, the second largest consumer of rare-earth elements behind China, is concerned that the decreased global supply will harm its tech-heavy economy. Its efforts to find alternative supply sources include expanding its global mining efforts and recycling rare-earth elements from used electronics.
The finding that the Saturnian moon may host layers of icy slush instead of a global ocean could change how planetary scientists think about other icy moons as well.
Modeling the shapes of tree branches, neurons, and blood vessels is a thorny problem, but researchers have just discovered that much of the math has already been done.
January 29, 2026 12:52 PM
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