ScienceNOW: When Spanish conquistadors seized the Inca emperor Atawalpa in 1532, they demanded an enormous ransom of silver and gold that took weeks to collect.Such an enormous stash suggests that the Andean people knew sophisticated metallurgy, but there has been little evidence to support this.Now a team of geologists and archaeologists have found clues that may indicate that these indigenous people refined gold with mercury amalgamation, an important metallurgical technique that is still in use today.
The finding that the Saturnian moon may host layers of icy slush instead of a global ocean could change how planetary scientists think about other icy moons as well.
Modeling the shapes of tree branches, neurons, and blood vessels is a thorny problem, but researchers have just discovered that much of the math has already been done.
January 29, 2026 12:52 PM
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