Nature: The European Space Agency (ESA) will begin testing the Galileo navigation system on 20 October with the launch of two navigation satellites. Galileo will eventually consist of 27 operational and 3 spare satellites in three orbital planes and will broadcast on a wider range of frequencies than either the US GPS system or the Russian GLONASS system. It’s anticipated that Galileo will augment information from the other two systems, with its wider bandwidth providing more accurate measurements of Earth’s surface features. ESA anticipates that enough satellites will be in orbit to provide some services by 2015, with the full constellation in orbit by the end of the decade.
The finding that the Saturnian moon may host layers of icy slush instead of a global ocean could change how planetary scientists think about other icy moons as well.
Modeling the shapes of tree branches, neurons, and blood vessels is a thorny problem, but researchers have just discovered that much of the math has already been done.
January 29, 2026 12:52 PM
Get PT in your inbox
PT The Week in Physics
A collection of PT's content from the previous week delivered every Monday.
One email per week
PT New Issue Alert
Be notified about the new issue with links to highlights and the full TOC.
One email per month
PT Webinars & White Papers
The latest webinars, white papers and other informational resources.