BBC: Human norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis, which is characterized by severe nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. The virus spreads particularly well in crowded areas, such as cruise ships, and has been difficult to study because it is almost impossible to grow in a laboratory. Now Birte Ahlfeld and Günter Klein of the University of Veterinary Medicine in Hannover, Germany, and their colleagues propose fighting the virus using nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma, or cold plasma. The room-temperature, ionized gas molecules, created by applying an electric field to ambient air, were shown to be successful at inactivating the virus. Cold plasmas also are being developed for other medical applications, including the treatment of dental caries.
The finding that the Saturnian moon may host layers of icy slush instead of a global ocean could change how planetary scientists think about other icy moons as well.
Modeling the shapes of tree branches, neurons, and blood vessels is a thorny problem, but researchers have just discovered that much of the math has already been done.
January 29, 2026 12:52 PM
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