Two weeks ago, Chu said that “the total price tag will be about $25 billion.” But Barry Barish, a physicist at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena who directs the ILC Global Design Effort, says that figure is likely an overestimate and that the US would pay only a fraction of the total anyway. He worries that when Department of Energy (DOE) officials quote such huge numbers, they undermine the project’s chance of winning congressional support. “If it turns off all dialogue [with other officials] then it hurts us,” Barish says. Still, Barish says he’s optimistic that Chu, a Nobel Prize-winning physicist, will approach the project with an open mind.
The finding that the Saturnian moon may host layers of icy slush instead of a global ocean could change how planetary scientists think about other icy moons as well.
Modeling the shapes of tree branches, neurons, and blood vessels is a thorny problem, but researchers have just discovered that much of the math has already been done.
January 29, 2026 12:52 PM
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