Born in Warsaw 4 November 1908; Died in London 31 August 2005; The only scientist to leave the Manhatten Project on ethical grounds. Last surviving member of the 1955 Russell-Einstein manifesto signed by Max Born, Percy W. Bridgman, Albert Einstein, Leopold Infeld, Frederic Joliot-Curie, Herman J. Muller, Linus Pauling, Cecil F. Powell, Joseph Rotblat, Bertrand Russell and Hideki Yukawa. Winner of the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize along with Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs.
(12 July 1941 – 7 January 2026) Specializing in shock-wave physics, he worked for 33 years as a research physicist at the Naval Surface Warfare Center.
(15 April 1931 – 2 November 2025) The long-time Amherst College physics professor also was an educator, journal editor, civil rights supporter, and historian of slavery.