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Unresolved Problems of Radioactive Waste: Motivation for a New Paradigm

JUN 01, 1997
Having failed to achieve geologic disposal, the US should shift to a strategy of ongoing management and research.
D. Warner North

The management of radio‐active waste has become an increasingly intractable problem. US programs for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high‐level waste, for disposal of transuranic waste, for clean‐up of former nuclear weapons production facilities and even for disposal of low‐level waste are far behind schedule and mired in public controversy. The US public has acquired a deepseated fear of nuclear technology and its wastes, and mistrusts the institutions for managing these wastes. People’s fear, mistrust and opposition are intensified when the proposed location for the wastes is nearby or is perceived to be a health or environmental hazard (see photo on page 49).

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References

  1. 1. S. R. Weart, Nuclear Fear, Harvard U.P., Cambridge, Mass. (1988).

  2. 2. Task Force on Radioactive Waste Management, Secretary of Energy Advisory Board, Earning Public Trust and Confidence: Requisites for Managing Radioactive Wastes, final report, US Department of Energy, Washington, DC (1993).

  3. 3. D. Easterling, H. Kunreuther, The Dilemma of Siting a High‐Level Nuclear Waste Repository, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, (1995).
    J. Flynn, R. Kasperson, H. Kunreuther, P. Slovic, Environment 39 (3), 6 (1997).https://doi.org/ENVTAR

  4. 4. Statement of Thomas P. Grumbly at hearings before the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, 5 February 1997.

  5. 5. National Research Council, Technical Basis for Yucca Mountain Standards, National Academy P., Washington, DC (1995).

  6. 6. General Accounting Office, Nuclear Waste: Impediments to Completing the Yucca Mountain Project, GAO/RCED‐97‐30 (1997).

  7. 7. National Research Council, Groundwater at Yucca Mountain: How High Can It Rise? National Academy P., Washington, DC (1992).

  8. 8. National Research Council, Rethinking High‐Level Radioactive Waste Disposal, National Academy P., Washington, DC (1990).

  9. 9. D. W. North, Reliability Engineering and System Safety (1997), to be published.

  10. 10. National Research Council, The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant: A Potential Solution for the Disposal of Transuranic Waste, National Academy P., Washington, DC (1996).

  11. 11. Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board, Report to Congress and the Secretary of Energy (1993), p. 17.
    See also DOE’s response in the review board’s 1994 report, appendix H.

  12. 12. National Research Council, Nuclear Wastes: Technologies for Separations and Transmutations, National Academy P., Washington, DC (1996).

  13. 13. C. D. Hollister, D. R. Anderson, G. R. Heath, Science 213, 1321 (1981).https://doi.org/SCIEAS

  14. 14. C. S. Forsberg, Nucl. Technol. 101, 40 (January 1993).

  15. 15. T. B. Taylor, “Solar Disposal of Radioactive Wastes and Plutonium” (September 1995), preprint available from North.

  16. 16. National Research Council, Review of New York State Low‐Level Radioactive Waste Siting Process, National Academy P., Washington, DC (1996).

  17. 17. National Research Council, Ward Valley: An Examination of Seven Issues in Earth Sciences and Ecology, National Academy P., Washington, DC (1995).

More about the authors

D. Warner North, Mountain View, California.

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Volume 50, Number 6

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