Silicon photodiodes, particularly those of the avalanche type, offer speed, efficiency, sensitivity and reliability—both for the systems now in development and future ones at longer wavelengths.
2. H. Melchior, M. B. Fisher, F. Arams, Proc. IEEE 58, 1466 (1970); https://doi.org/IEEPAD H. Melchior, J. Luminescence 7, 390 (1973); https://doi.org/JLUMA8 H. Melchior, in Laser Handbook 1, North Holland (1972) page 725.
7. R. L. Batdorf, A. G. Chynoweth, G. C. Dacey, P. W. Foy, J. Appl. Phys. 31, 1153 (1960); https://doi.org/JAPIAU K. M. Johnson, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 12, 55 (1965); https://doi.org/IETDAI L. K. Anderson, P. G. McMullin, L. A. D’Asaro, A. Goetzberger, Appl. Phys. Lett. 6, 62 (1965).https://doi.org/APPLAB
8. H. Melchior, W. T. Lynch, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 13, 829 (1966).https://doi.org/IETDAI
9. H. Melchior, Verh. Deutsche Phys. Ges. 6–2, 57 (1967).
11. H. Melchior, A. R. Hartman, in Technical Digest of the International Meeting on Electron Devices (Washington, DC), IEEE, New York (1976), page 412.
12. T. Kaneda, H. Matsumuoto, T. Sakurai, T. Yamaoka, J. Appl. Phys. 99, 1151 (1976); https://doi.org/JAPIAU H. Kanbe, T. Kimura, Y. Mizushima, K. Kajiyama, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 25, 1337 (1976); https://doi.org/IETDAI J. Muller, A. Ataman, in volume cited in reference 11, page 416.
13. J. S. Escher, G. A. Antypas, J. Edgecumbe, Appl. Phys. Lett. 29, 153 (1976).https://doi.org/APPLAB
17. G. E. Stillman, C. M. Wolfe, J. A. Rossi, A. G. Foyt, Appl. Phys. Lett. 24, 471 (1974).https://doi.org/APPLAB
18. T. Pearsall, R. Nahory, M. Pollack, Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 330 (1975); https://doi.org/APPLAB T. P. Lee, C. A. Burrus, M. A. Pollack, R. E. Nahory, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 22, 1062 (1975).https://doi.org/IETDAI
19. R. C. Eden, Proc. IEEE 63, 32 (1975); https://doi.org/IEEPAD F. W. Scholl, K. Nakano, R. C. Eden, in volume cited in reference 11, page 424; T. P. Pearsall, R. E. Nahory, M. A. Pollack, Appl. Phys. Lett. 28, 403 (1976).https://doi.org/APPLAB
20. G. E. Stillman, C. M. Wolfe, A. G. Foyt, W. T. Lindley, Appl. Phys. Lett. 24, 8 (1974).https://doi.org/APPLAB
21. J. Conradi, Appl. Optics 14, 1948 (1975); https://doi.org/APOPAI T. Shibata, Y. Igarashi, K. Yano, E. C. L. Tech. J. NTT 22, 1069 (1974).
22. D. A. Soderman, W. H. Pinkston, Appl. Optics 11, 2162 (1972); https://doi.org/APOPAI T. Koehler, A. M. Chiang, Proc. Soc. Photo‐Opt. Instr. Eng. 62, 26 (1975).https://doi.org/SPIECJ
23. M. P. Mikhailova, N. N. Smirnova, S. V. Slobodchikov, Sov. Phys. Semicond. 10, 509 (1976).https://doi.org/SPSEAX
More about the authors
Hans Melchior,
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland.
Since the discovery was first reported in 1999, researchers have uncovered many aspects of the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.